How often should prolactin levels be monitored for patients on antipsychotics?

Monitoring prolactin levels in patients on antipsychotic medications is a crucial aspect of ensuring patient safety and managing potential side effects. After initiating treatment, it is essential to assess prolactin levels to identify any acute elevations caused by the antipsychotic medication. Once the patient is stable and has been on a consistent regimen for a while, the frequency of monitoring can shift to every 12 months. This approach helps to ensure that any issues can be detected promptly if they arise, while not subjecting the patient to unnecessary regular testing after stabilization, which could be burdensome. Regular monitoring is vital because elevated prolactin levels can lead to significant side effects, such as galactorrhea, amenorrhea, or sexual dysfunction, and understanding trends over time can help manage these risks effectively.