Which drug class does azathioprine belong to?

Azathioprine belongs to the drug class of antimetabolite immunosuppressants. This classification is based on its mechanism of action, which involves interfering with the synthesis of purines, essential components of DNA and RNA. By inhibiting the proliferation of cells, particularly lymphocytes, azathioprine effectively suppresses the immune response.

This property makes it valuable in managing autoimmune diseases and as an immunosuppressant in organ transplant patients. Antimetabolite drugs target rapidly dividing cells, which is critical in these contexts where suppressing unwanted immune reactions or preventing organ rejection is necessary. Understanding this pharmacological mechanism is crucial for healthcare professionals, particularly in fields like immunology and transplantation.

The other drug classes listed, such as corticosteroids, biologic therapy, and monoclonal antibodies, operate through different mechanisms and are utilized for distinct therapeutic purposes. Therefore, recognizing azathioprine as an antimetabolite immunosuppressant is essential for its proper application in clinical settings.