Which drug is considered to infrequently cause drug-induced Parkinsonism?

Quetiapine is considered to infrequently cause drug-induced Parkinsonism due to its pharmacological profile. Unlike many antipsychotics, quetiapine has a lower affinity for dopamine D2 receptors, which reduces the likelihood of extrapyramidal symptoms, including Parkinsonism. This is primarily because the risk of developing Parkinsonian symptoms is closely associated with the degree of dopamine blockade in the central nervous system.

In the context of the other drugs listed, haloperidol and risperidone are known for their strong dopamine antagonism and a higher likelihood of causing extrapyramidal symptoms. Haloperidol, being a typical antipsychotic, has a well-documented risk for drug-induced Parkinsonism due to its potent D2 receptor antagonism. Similarly, risperidone, while an atypical antipsychotic, can still lead to extrapyramidal side effects, particularly at higher doses.

Metoclopramide, a medication primarily used to treat nausea and gastroparesis, can also cause drug-induced Parkinsonism, particularly when used chronically or at high doses, as it also blocks dopamine receptors.

In summary, quetiapine's unique receptor binding profile leads to a significantly lower incidence of drug-induced Parkinsonism,