Why do SGLT2 inhibitors increase the risk of urinary infection?

SGLT2 inhibitors work by blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, leading to increased glucose levels in the urine. This elevated glucose content in the urine creates a favorable environment for the growth of bacteria and yeast, which can result in urinary tract infections (UTIs). The presence of abundant glucose acts as a nutrient source for these pathogens, thereby increasing the likelihood of infection.

The mechanism involved here emphasizes the relationship between elevated urinary glucose and the risk of UTIs. Higher urinary glucose can not only facilitate the growth of pathogenic organisms but can also lead to symptoms associated with infections, prompting patients to seek medical attention. Understanding this aspect clarifies why the correct answer is associated with the risk of urinary infections related to SGLT2 inhibitors.